{"id":6708,"date":"2020-08-29T13:37:32","date_gmt":"2020-08-29T11:37:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.adamlelek.com\/adamlelek\/?post_type=portfolios&p=6708"},"modified":"2020-12-15T21:52:24","modified_gmt":"2020-12-15T20:52:24","slug":"senegal-nelegalni-zlate-doly","status":"publish","type":"portfolios","link":"https:\/\/www.adamlelek.com\/adamlelek\/portfolios\/senegal-nelegalni-zlate-doly\/","title":{"rendered":"Senegal – neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed zlat\u00e9 doly"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Senegal – neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed zlat\u00e9 doly<\/h2>\n
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\u201eO nafocen\u00ed neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch zlat\u00fdch dol\u016f jsem se sna\u017eil roky. Ani Barma, ani Kolumbie, ani v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Afrika mi nebyly naklon\u011bny. Poda\u0159ilo se mi to a\u017e v Senegalu.\u201c<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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P\u0159ij\u00ed\u017ed\u00edm k neleg\u00e1ln\u00edmu zlat\u00e9mu dolu a u\u017e z d\u00e1lky c\u00edt\u00edm, \u017ee atmosf\u00e9ra bude napjat\u00e1. Poledn\u00ed paprsky se v\u0161em vpaluj\u00ed do k\u016f\u017ee, tv\u00e1\u0159e zdej\u0161\u00edch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed tu nam\u00e1hav\u011b pracuj\u00ed od \u010dasn\u00e9ho r\u00e1na, jsou pln\u00e9 strhan\u00fdch rys\u016f, vr\u00e1sek, strachu. V\u0161em, kdo jsme se na planin\u011b kdesi v \u00fatrob\u00e1ch Senegalu se\u0161li je jasn\u00e9, \u017ee m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost znamen\u00e1 velk\u00e9 riziko. A\u010dkoliv jsou Senegalci p\u0159\u00e1tel\u0161t\u00ed, vst\u0159\u00edcn\u00ed a usm\u011bvav\u00ed, tady panuje od prvopo\u010d\u00e1tku m\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti stres a ned\u016fv\u011bra. A vlastn\u011b se tomu ani nediv\u00edm. Jsem n\u011bkde, kde bych v\u016fbec b\u00fdt nem\u011bl. Africk\u00e9 zlat\u00e9 doly produkuj\u00ed a\u017e polovinu sv\u011btov\u00fdch z\u00e1sob. V Senegalu se zlato pr\u016fmyslov\u011b t\u011b\u017e\u00ed od roku 2009, hlavn\u011b v okol\u00ed \u0159ek Gambie a Fal\u00e9m\u00e9. V\u011bt\u0161inu t\u011b\u017eby obstar\u00e1vaj\u00ed nadn\u00e1rodn\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zam\u011bstn\u00e1vaj\u00ed osm a\u017e dev\u011bt tis\u00edc lid\u00ed. Neofici\u00e1ln\u011b se ale na zlat\u00e9 hore\u010dce pod\u00edlej\u00ed statis\u00edce lid\u00ed, a to prac\u00ed v neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch dolech. Vysok\u00e1 nezam\u011bstnanost, velk\u00e1 chudoba a vidina rychl\u00e9ho v\u00fdd\u011blku nut\u00ed lidi k riskantn\u00edm \u010din\u016fm.\tZat\u00edmco leg\u00e1ln\u011b je zlato z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1no modern\u00edmi technologiemi a za p\u0159\u00edsn\u00fdch bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch pravidel, v neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch dolech je t\u011b\u017eba prov\u00e1d\u011bna pomoci jednoduch\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f a vybaven\u00ed. Je tedy n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 a \u017eivotu nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1. Mu\u017ei, \u017eeny, ale i d\u011bti kutaj\u00ed horninu ve \u0161patn\u011b zabezpe\u010den\u00fdch, ru\u010dn\u011b kopan\u00fdch tunelech,<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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bez dostate\u010dn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edsunu \u010derstv\u00e9ho vzduchu. Riziko \u00farazu, nebo dokonce smrti z\u00e1valem \u010di udu\u0161en\u00edm je tu proto obrovsk\u00e9. Lid\u00e9 v neleg\u00e1ln\u00edch dolech pracuj\u00ed bez jak\u00fdchkoli ochrann\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f. Kdy\u017e se n\u011bkomu n\u011bco stane, na jeden den se t\u011b\u017eba zastav\u00ed, ale pak pr\u00e1ce pokra\u010duje d\u00e1l. Na \u010dastou smrt jsou na tomto m\u00edst\u011b bohu\u017eel zvykl\u00ed. T\u011b\u017eba je jednou z nejnebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch forem nejen d\u011btsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce. Krom\u011b z\u00e1val\u016f, udu\u0161en\u00ed a \u00faraz\u016f jsou tu lid\u00e9 vystaveni i otrav\u00e1m. K tomu, aby vyt\u011b\u017een\u00e9 zlato odd\u011blili od materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd jej nese, velmi \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed rtu\u0165, kter\u00e1 je vysoce toxick\u00e1. Rtu\u0165 se p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 do vyt\u011b\u017een\u00e9 sm\u011bsi, kde obaluje zrnka zlata, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznikne tzv. amalg\u00e1m. Jeho zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00edm na teplotu vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 300 \u00b0C se rtu\u0165 odpa\u0159\u00ed do atmosf\u00e9ry a zbude \u010dist\u00e9 ryz\u00ed zlato. Jen\u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b odpa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm rtuti se uvol\u0148uj\u00ed toxick\u00e9 v\u00fdpary, kter\u00e9 u\u017e ve velmi mal\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed po\u0161kozuj\u00ed zdrav\u00ed. Zlatokopov\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm chemik\u00e1li\u00ed netr\u00e1v\u00ed jen sami sebe, ale i okoln\u00ed p\u016fdu a vodu. Podle OSN asi osmdes\u00e1t procent emis\u00ed rtuti v subsaharsk\u00e9 Africe poch\u00e1z\u00ed z mal\u00fdch nepovolen\u00fdch dol\u016f. Podle \u010dasopisu Lancet pak jedovat\u00e1 l\u00e1tka p\u0159\u00edmo ohro\u017euje nejm\u00ed\u0148 deset milion\u016f lid\u00ed. Jak\u00e9koli snahy o vym\u00fdcen\u00ed ileg\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u011b\u017eby, nebo alespo\u0148 z\u00e1kaz pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jedovat\u00e9 rtuti, ov\u0161em selh\u00e1vaj\u00ed. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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CESTA ZA FOTKOU<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Prohl\u00ed\u017e\u00edm si tohle zlat\u00e9 peklo a chce se mi k\u0159i\u010det, za v\u0161echny, kte\u0159\u00ed pro to, aby p\u0159e\u017eili d\u011blaj\u00ed tohle. Dostat se a\u017e sem pro m\u011b nebylo lehk\u00e9, ale to, co mus\u00ed absolvovat zdej\u0161\u00ed lid\u00e9, je skute\u010dn\u011b extr\u00e9mn\u00ed. Jak moc riskuj\u00ed cel\u00e9 rodiny jen proto aby mohli nakrmit sv\u00e9 d\u011bti a sebe. Na rovn\u00e9 planin\u011b je rozm\u00edst\u011bno n\u011bkolik vr\u00e1tk\u016f, tedy strojn\u00edch ru\u010dn\u00edch navij\u00e1k\u016f. Co navij\u00e1k to jedna rodina, na t\u011b\u017eb\u011b se pod\u00edlej\u00ed v\u0161ichni jej\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9, Mu\u017ei a chlapci ve v\u011bku 10-ti let a v\u00fd\u0161 kutaj\u00ed ve spaluj\u00edc\u00edm horku hl\u00ednu <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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v 30-ti metrov\u00fdch \u0161tol\u00e1ch pln\u00fdch \u00fazk\u00fdch chodeb. \u017deny a star\u0161\u00ed mu\u017ei hl\u00ednu vytahuj\u00ed na povrch, proplachuj\u00ed a hledaj\u00ed zlat\u00e9 valounky. Do \u0161achet m\u011b nikdo nepustil. Sta\u010dilo, \u017ee jsem byl t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ci p\u0159\u00edtomen na povrchu. Hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e cizinec s fo\u0165\u00e1kem, je na tomhle m\u00edst\u011b u\u017e jen zavalen\u00fd cizinec s fo\u0165\u00e1kem. Cena zlata na sv\u011btov\u00e9m trhu se dennodenn\u011b vyv\u00edj\u00ed, ke konci roku 2019 m\u011bl 1 kg hodnotu p\u0159es 1 mil. korun. Tito lid\u00e9 v\u0161ak uvid\u00ed jen b\u00eddn\u00fd zlomek. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Tady jsem p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm sv\u011bdkem tvrd\u00e9ho st\u0159etu b\u00eddy a utrpen\u00ed s bohatstv\u00edm a p\u0159ebytkem. Na za\u010d\u00e1tku cesty zlata je toti\u017e takov\u00e1 chudoba, \u0161p\u00edna a nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. V\u0161e kon\u010d\u00ed honosn\u00fdm \u0161perkem na krku kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 a bohat\u00e9 Evropanky na honosn\u00e9m plese. Jak\u00fd paradox! Po hodin\u011b a p\u016fl focen\u00ed dost\u00e1v\u00e1m jasn\u00fd sign\u00e1l, \u017ee u\u017e toho bylo dost a a\u0165 kone\u010dn\u011b vypadnu. Popravd\u011b, ch\u00e1pu to. Nikdo nestoj\u00ed o probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":6977,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","class_list":["post-6708","portfolios","type-portfolios","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adamlelek.com\/adamlelek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolios\/6708","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adamlelek.com\/adamlelek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolios"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adamlelek.com\/adamlelek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/portfolios"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adamlelek.com\/adamlelek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6708"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adamlelek.com\/adamlelek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6977"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adamlelek.com\/adamlelek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6708"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}